Are We Free within Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Are We Free inside Society - Essay Example So it is actually the guys who consider such sexual orientation predisposition? The genuine inquiry that hangs is â€Å"Do men have more opportunity than ladies that permits them to dominate?† Unfortunately, it is our general public that has given more opportunity to men than to ladies. As we probably am aware, a general public is based upon from its chronicled foundations and contains comparable qualities and convictions for quite a while. Our authentic foundation, shockingly, has held ladies out of sight while men have consistently taken the middle stage. The models refered to above are sufficient to advise us that ladies have been a persecuted section of our general public. Being truly more fragile has left them useful for lesser callings and, home and kid raising have become their most acknowledged callings. Mary Wollstonecraft a celebrated British logician and women's activist proceeded to state that â€Å"The great wellspring of female indiscretion and bad habit has ever appeared to me to emerge from restriction of psyche, and the very constitution of common governments has placed practically insuperable deterrents in the manner to forestall the development of the female understanding† [4]. Bearing the enthusiastic trademark, have left them conniving of feeling suffering occupations. They have been exposed to this generalization from the earliest starting point and it is this equivalent generalization that ladies need to look in our current society. Numerous cutting edge machines have helped beat a portion of the generalizations particularly of genuinely more vulnerable as it presently requires just a piece of the manly assets, and if the base requested isn't over the female’s limit, they can be considered as man’s equivalent [1]. Endeavors to get away from this act have been invited in many quarters however it will be numerous years until ladies can genuinely reverse the situation on men. A general public comprises of individuals from varying backgrounds. The rich, poor, youthful, old, working, non-working, shaded, non-hued and so on all are a piece of the society.â

Is global warming man made Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is an unnatural weather change man made - Essay Example To put it plainly, no one has any uncertainty about the way that environmental temperature is demonstrating unusual increments as of late. Then again, numerous individuals accept that a worldwide temperature alteration is a trick or artificial issue so as to misuse the assumptions of individuals for business purposes. â€Å"Global warming doubters consider that the climate models used to set up a dangerous atmospheric devation and to gauge its effects are distorted†1. They are of the view that a few researchers raise this issue so as to bring in cash for the sake of a worldwide temperature alteration examines. This paper basically examinations whether a worldwide temperature alteration is synthetic or not. Conspicuous researchers, for example, Frederick Seitz, Ph.D., Richard S. Lindzen, Ph.D., S. Fred Singer, Ph.D, Patrick J. Michaels, Ph.D. furthermore, Robert C. Balling, Jr., Ph. D.2 have communicated questions over environmental change and tested the accord of standard scie ntists3. Ozone depleting substance emanations from cars and modern units are frequently refered to as the significant explanation behind an unnatural weather change. As per logical standards, gases in air ought to extend when they get warmed and travel the upward way. In the event that that is valid, pneumatic force at earth’s surface ought to be plunged. Be that as it may, such plunge in air pressure close earth’s surface has been rarely watched. ... Likewise the warming can be because of the variety in cloud cover4. Master Crimson (n. d) has cited the assessments of 19,000 researchers so as to dismiss the possibility of a worldwide temperature alteration. He has called attention to that these researchers are of the view that an Earth-wide temperature boost is most likely regular and not a crisis5. It ought to be noticed that it is unthinkable for humanity to roll out any improvements in sun powered yield or varieties in overcast spread. Under these conditions, the assessment of meteorologist John Coleman, author of the Weather Channel, is a lot of significant. He said that â€Å"even if an unnatural weather change is something to stress over, it's risky to look to government to fix the climate†6. Stephen Mulholland (2009) moved toward a dangerous atmospheric devation issue from an alternate edge. As he would see it, â€Å"We have perhaps the best trick: environmental change and anthropogenic an unnatural weather change ( AGW), in which we're solicited to consume trillions from dollars now with the goal that occasions which may, or may not, happen when we've been dead for a considerable length of time don't take place†7. In Dr. Sami Solanki’s (the chief of the eminent Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research in Gottingen, Germany) feeling, â€Å"Sun has been at its most grounded in the course of recent years and may now be influencing worldwide temperatures†8. As it were, we need to look upwards to recognize the miscreant who causes a dangerous atmospheric devation as opposed to glancing around. A few researchers accept that the power of sun oriented radiations increments and diminishes occasionally in like clockwork of timespan. As they would see it, sun is as of now experiencing a period where its radiations are heightened and there is nothing to stress over it since such increments in temperature may not go past certain

Critique of the Novel Our Town Essay -- Thornton Wilder

Thornton Wilder was conceived on April 17, 1897, and kicked the bucket on December 7, 1975. He was conceived in Madison, Wisconsin to Amos Wilder, an American negotiator, and Isabella Wilder. Thornton Wilder began composing plays in The Thacher School in Ojai, California, and moved on from Berkeley High School in 1915. He served in the Coast Guard in World War II. After the war he went to Oberlin College, at that point Yale University where he earned his B.A. in 1920. His composing was sharpened at Yale where he was a piece of the Alpha Delta Phi Fraternity which is a scholarly society. In 1926, he earned his M.A. in French from Princeton University. More stunning won Pulitzer Prizes for The Bridge of San Luis Rey in 1928, Our Town in 1938, and The Skin of Our Teeth in 1942. He likewise won the Peace Prize of the German Book Trade in 1957, the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963, and the National Book Award in 1967 for his novel The Eighth Day. Structure, Structure, and Plot The tale is composed into three acts, every one speaking to an alternate timeframe. There are just two flashbacks in the book. The principal happens in act two, after George and Mr. Webb have a discussion. The two of them leave the stage and the Stage Manager presents the flashback of when Emily and George had their first date at Mr. Morgan’s drugstore. The subsequent flashback isn't so much a flashback as it is time travel. It happens in act three after Emily Webb joins the remainder of the dead. She, just as the Stage Manager, returns so as to return to her twelfth birthday. The primary demonstration is of George Gibbs and Emily Webb as teenagers, the subsequent demonstration is of their marriage, and the third demonstration is of Emily Webb’s memorial service. In the play an aggregate of twelve years is secured. All through the play, the tone turns out to be more and m... ...out that Emily is dead. Extra Comments I was not excited with this book, however I didn't detest it. The book’s qualities are that it has great, appropriate topics that are straightforward. Another quality that the book has is that it isn't written in formal expression, so it is anything but difficult to peruse and comprehend. One of its shortcomings is that it is now and then difficult to follow the plot in light of the absence of portrayal. The peruser can get befuddled due to abrupt scene or time changes. The book does leave one waiting inquiry: What happens to George Gibbs? Despite the fact that this isn't my preferred book, it will effectsly affect me. The transition of human life is an all inclusive subject that can be seen by anybody. Book reference Thornton (Niven) Wilder (1897-1975). . Our Town. Wikipedia. .

Flavor Principles: Theory of Preferences and Rejection

Flavor Principles: Theory of Preferences and Rejection Food, as characterized by the word reference is a substance that gives supplements to support and development when expended. The term itself is general and could be seen from various purpose of perspectives, consequently, making other capacity words, for example, taking care of and eating. The word feed is normally used when creatures is included, while the word eat is used when people are included. Taking care of and eating is recognized by its capacities; taking care of itself just includes the social occasion of food, while then again, eating doesn't just include get-together of food, yet additionally developing and raising domesticated animals. Because of this explanation, a few nourishments are just accessible to specific gatherings, permitting the advancement of customs that settles on the eatable and unpalatable just as the habits required during utilization. (Kittler and Sucher, 2004) Food all alone doesn't just capacity as wellspring of supplements. Food could characterize a personality of an individual, capacities as images in religions, just as characterizes a culture. For instance; in Muslim nations, for example, Malaysia and Indonesia, an individual who expends pork would be Chinese. In the event that the individual isn't arranged as Chinese, the individual may be Buddhist, Catholic, or other religion that don't confine these individuals to expend. It is verifiable that there is connection between the food that individuals eat, saw estimation of others just as the manner by which individuals portray themselves. (Kittler and Sucher, 2004) Stein and Nemeroff (1995) bolster this with their examination which includes undergrads which were to rate profiles of individuals dependent on their weight control plans. Diets were named as acceptable nourishments and terrible nourishments. Great nourishments are the food sources that are classified as sound and contain less fat, for example, natural product, serving of mixed greens and entire wheat bread. While then again, awful nourishments are the nourishments that are classified as unfortunate, for example, steak, burgers and french fries. The outcome demonstrated understudies who eat great nourishments are judged for the most part to be fit, dynamic and is seen as increasingly alluring, tranquil and more explanatory than the individuals who expend awful nourishments. The method of handling food inside certain gathering that incorporates each progression of the procedure; beginning from choice, dispersion, readiness and utilization makes comparable example which are exceptional towards their eating conduct. These examples are known as food propensity. (Kittler and Sucher, 2004) Fundamentally, there are various variables that influence singular food propensities and these components are interrelated. Conner (1993) made an essential model that decides singular food consumption. Adjusted from Understanding Determinants of Food Choice: Contributions from Attitude Research by Mark Conner, 1993 The food trademark in the outline comprises of the physical and synthetic properties just as supplement substance of the food. It plays as one of the fundamental jobs to food decision because of the way that it is frequently identified with physical prosperity; regardless of whether there will be unfavorably susceptible, distress or long haul result that may influence development, weight or even sicknesses caused. (Falk et al, 2001) Financial elements comprise of cost and accessibility. Cost decides the monetary circumstance of a nation, which gauges conduct of the buyers. While then again, accessibility just decides the food devoured by every person (Rozin, 2007). There is plainly a connection between food utilization and financial condition (Ozimek and Biemans, 2011). In their investigations is referenced the structure of food utilization on Poland, which is dictated by its monetary turn of events. They demonstrated that in the mid 1990s, purchasers marked down their costs on dairy items because of increment in value (Kramer, 1993). As there is consistent increment each continuous years, the offer on food costs fell; dropped from 41.3 percent in 1989 (Bywalec, 2000) to 20.3 percent in 2008, particularly among the essential staples, for example, milk, eggs, rice and grains when contrasted with 2007 (Central Statistics Office, 2008). By and by, albeit by and large the offer dropped, there is diverse utilization level of substitute among the financial gatherings. For instance, in 2008, there is an expansion in utilization of natural product juice and vegetable juice among those with most noteworthy salary. While there is an expansion in bread, flour and milk among those with most reduced salary. Then again, social components comprise of culture, religion practices, media and social weights through guardians and companions. Food propensity is mostly dictated by culture. Actually, human is the result of associations among science and culture (Poulain, 2009). In this way, in Poulain setting, culture is included both organically and socially. Naturally, culture is as of now written in the hereditary qualities. Rozin (1991) considered the connection in food inclinations among guardians and youngster, and saw the relationship as low. While socially, human experience childhood in the condition that is controlled by that specific culture. This is upheld by the announcement made by Mead (1943) who sees food propensities as methodicallly interconnected food conduct of people that has been raised inside that specific social convention. Different segments, for example, religion rehearses (for example Pork are restricted among the Muslim), media (for example youngsters presented to anecd otal characters, for example, Popeye) and social weights (for example societal position) are connected to nature where every individual is raised. While financial and social elements don't appear to be interrelated, Poulain (2009) examines the connection between the two. In his investigation, Poulain referenced that every individual can control assets through their interest, because of the worth made in the public activity that every individual is brought up in. This makes biological imperatives by changing the earth, for instance; through water system, sanitation and contamination. The natural imperatives made influence the accessibility on assets. This, consequently, influences the nation monetarily. Food trademark and financial/social factor are the components that shape singular recognitions as far as tangible, physiologically and mentally. As it were, these components consequently program someone in particular to act as indicated by the condition that they have been raised at. Tangible is the view of appearance, smell, taste and surface. Kittler and Sucher (2004) referenced that each individual can foresee the tangible quality of a specific food and choose whether these attributes would be adequate. This capacity is generally acquired dependent on nourishments that are socially adequate. For instance; in West Africa, there is inclination towards splendid orange shading acquired from yams as their staple food. In this way, the first occasion when they are presented to hues that are opposing, there is propensity to dismiss the food. age In extra to that, age additionally assumes significant job in alteration of taste. This is because of the way that inclination of taste varies as individual develops. Human can distinguish flavors, surface Drenowski Gomez (2000), Stubbs et al (2000), Anderson (1995) and Burch (1992) in Kittlers book, referenced that during early stages and youth, individual has better inclination towards sugars and fats. The inclination will top in early high school years, and will at that point die down in the later years. This clarifies the explanation behind espresso inclination for individual in later years. While tangible structures mentality towards food, physiological factor is one of the individual trademark is simply the procedure that occurs in the body itself (Rozin, 2007). These procedures go about as energizer to rouse every person to expend the food. The procedures occurs in two structures; metabolic and neural. Metabolic procedure happens in the body by handling the supplements made in the food. For this situation, healthful data is put away in people sensory system. Then again, neural procedure happens in the cerebrum. The data put away during metabolic procedure is coordinated together with factors that lead to food utilization, for example, feeling, condition and others. Then again, mental factor is all the perspectives that identifies with people conduct mentally concerning food. It incorporates two parts; people perspectives and saw social weights. Disposition is inward and gauges the advantages, character, mind-set, inclinations and different variables that influence it. Normally, it is influenced by convictions with respect to the result in the wake of playing out that specific conduct, regardless of whether positive or negative. (Shepherd, 2007) for instance; any contact with pork is accepted to be corrupt for Muslims. In this manner, no Muslim expends pork. While then again, saw social weight is outer. It incorporates others view of playing out that conduct, for example, parental impacts, peer impacts and the media too. (Rozin, 2007) Cultural assimilation PROCESS It is irrefutable that food trademark, monetary and social variables assumes significant job in forming early individual eating conduct. In any case, this doesn't suggest that eating conduct will remain the equivalent. Truth be told, eating conduct changes after some time because of occasions and encounters. At the point when a person that has a place with a specific ethnicity is moved to a spot with various social standards, they experience a cultural assimilation process. Cultural assimilation is the change procedure that an individual encounter when moved to a spot with various social standards. The change may happen at two distinctive level; miniaturized scale and large scale. Inside smaller scale level, the change reflects in people mentalities, convictions and conduct. While on the full scale level, the change may reflect genuinely, financially, socially or strategically (Satia-About an et al 2002 in Kittler and Sucher). Cultural assimilation at smaller scale and full scale level may grow consistently dependent on length of remain. In any case, cultural assimilation of food propensities works in a dif

The Presidents Day

The Presidents Day Significance of President’s Day Home›Informative Posts›Significance of President’s Day Informative PostsIn the United States of America, the President’s Day is celebrated on the third Monday of February every year. This day is observed to honor all American presidents of the past and present and recollect their accomplishments. George Washington, whose birthday is on February 22, is honored above everyone else as the first President of the USA, as well as Abraham Lincoln, who is known as the Great Emancipator in the USA.History of President’s DayThe year of 1800, after President George Washington died, was the first year to celebrate President’s birthday on February 22. This date became significant for the nation since President Washington was considered the most prominent figure in the American history at that time.At first, President Washington’s Birthday was celebrated unofficially. It became the federal holiday only in the late 1870s. The proposition to observe i t officially came from Senator Steven Dorsey, and President Rutherford Hayes signed it into law in 1879. Until 1885, Washington’s Day was celebrated only in Washington DC to extend later to all the other states.Thus, Washington’s Day joined four other national holidays Americans already had. These holidays were Thanksgiving Day, Independence Day, Christmas Day and New Year’s Day. It was the first federal holiday that observed the life of an American citizen.At first, the celebration was called Washington’s Birthday, and later on, in the late 1960s, it was renamed into President’s Day. At the same time, Congress began the measure called the Uniform Monday Holiday Act. It aimed to replace the observance of several national holidays from their particular dates to predetermined Mondays. According to the same act, the birthdays of George Washington (February 22) and Abraham Lincoln (February 12) were combined in some states to celebrate them on the same day and equally honor th ese people as the greatest presidents in the history of the USA.In 1968, the Uniform Monday Holiday Act was passed, and in 1971 it came into action. Since then, Americans celebrate Washington’s Birthday on the third Monday of Friday every year.Traditions of President’s DayPresident’s Day is commonly viewed as the day of remembrance and patriotic celebration. Multiple re-enactments, stage celebrations and other events are arranged on this day. In many schools, students listen to lectures about the accomplishments of different American presidents with an emphasis on the deeds of George Washington and Abraham Lincoln.President’s Day in 2017As it has been said above, President’s Day is celebrated on the third Monday of February. In 2017, this day falls on February 20. Spend this day commemorating the presidents that did a lot of good things for our country!

Help Your Student Improve Their College Admissions Essay

HomeApplyEssaysHelp Your Student Improve Their College Admissions EssayThis page may contain affiliate links.Oct 15, 2019Watch our webinar with Brad Schiller, CEO of Prompt. Brad critiques 4 different college admissions essays and supplements. Learn the 5 most important traits colleges are looking for and ways you can use this information to help improve your students essay. To receive a personal review of your own students essay by Prompts writing professionals, click here. Road2College Debbie Schwartz is former financial services executive and founder of Road2College and the Paying For College 101 Facebook group. She's dedicated to providing families with trustworthy information about college admissions and paying for college. With data, tools and access to experts she's helping families become educated consumers of higher ed. View all posts CATEGORIES ApplyEssays TAGS College Admissions EssaysNEWER POSTAvoid These Common College Application MistakesOLDER POST8 Huge Mistakes I Made with My Student Loans

Company law Essay Example For Free At Magic Help - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1704 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Essay any type Did you like this example? THE ULTRA VIRES DOCTRINE OF COMPANY LAW IN ZAMBIA INTRODUCTION This assignment examines the debate on the legal issues surrounding the abolition of the requirement to submit a Memorandum of Association when applying to incorporate a company under the Zambian Companies Act 1994 cap 388 of the Laws of Zambia. This debate has been on the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Objects Clauseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  which used to be a requirement under the old Companies Act 1921 and was to remain as part of the Memorandum of Association thereafter until the company ceased to exist. ORIGINS OF THE OBJECTS CLAUSE A company on incorporation under the Companies Act cap 388 gives it a corporate personality which means that it gains the status of a separate legal entity from its shareholders or members.[1] However, as an artificial person, the company cannot make decisions and as such has to rely on humans to make decisions on its behalf. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Company law Essay Example For Free At Magic Help" essay for you Create order Therefore, the decisions and actions by the company officers, employees or indeed its agents will be taken to be those of the company which shall bear the liability. As such, as the company is to be regarded as an artificial person, the courts developed the view that its legal capacity had to be limited to its objects[2] and on incorporation to include the objects clause in its memorandum of association[3] which formed part of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s constitution. This was with a view of safeguarding the interests of both the shareholders and the creditors by way of the doctrine of ultra vires. In summing up, it can be said that an objects clause is that provision in a companys constitution which provides for the purposes and the power to undertake only the activities for which the company was formed as was the case before the coming into force of the Companies Act cap 388. THE DOCTRINE OF ULTRA VIRES The doctrine of ultra vires[4] refers to those acts or decisions th at a company may undertake which are beyond the scope of powers granted by the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s objects clause in its memorandum of association. Ashbury Carriage Company v Riche (1875) The ACC was an incorporated company under the Companies Act of 1862. Clause 3 of the memorandum that: The objects for which the company is established are to make and sell, or lend on hire, railway carriages and wagons, and all kinds of railway plant, fittings, machinery, and rolling-stock; to carry on the business of mechanical engineers and general contractors; to purchase and sell, as merchants, timber, coal, metals, or other materials; and to buy and sell any such materials on commission, or as agents. The company agreed to provide Richie and his brother with finance for the construction of a railway in Belgium but later repudiated the agreement. Richie sued for damages. Held That the contract was void and that ratification, even if it had taken place, would have bee n wholly ineffective. PRESENT LAW Unlike before, the current Companies Act cap 388, does not have a mandatory requirement for companies incorporated under it to have a memorandum of association which should contain the objects clause. POWERS AND DUTIES OF DIRECTORS The Companies Act Cap. 388 provides under section 215 that: (1) The business of a company shall be managed by the directors, who may pay all expenses incurred in promoting and forming the company, and may exercise all such powers of the company as are not, by this Act or the articles, required to be exercised by the company by resolution. (3) Without limiting the generality of subsection (1), the directors may exercise the powers of the company to borrow money, to charge any property or business of the company or all or any of its uncalled capital and to issue debentures or give any other security for a debt, liability or obligation of the company or of any other person. VALIDITY OF ACTS However, s ection 23 provides that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“No act of a company, including any transfer of property to or by a company, shall be invalid by reason only that the act or transfer is contrary to its articles or this Actà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  seems to be a contradiction to sections 7 and 22. THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION Before the 1994 Act, the articles of association where classed as being inward-looking and having a purpose of setting out the rules governing the running of the company. The articles hence formed an incorporated companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s constitution[5] which may deal with any matters of the company operations. However, the present Act does not, as stated above, make it mandatory for a company to submit a memorandum of association but provides under section 7 as follows: (1) A company may have articles regulating the conduct of the company. (2) The articles may contain restrictions on the business that the company may carry on. This means that there is no need of an objects clause to be included in the articles of association so as to restrict the business operations to conform to the objects and indeed should not specify its general nature of the company business. This assertion can also be inferred from section 7(4) which provides that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a company on incorporation may adopt the regulations of the Standard Articlesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  which do not contain a provision for the general nature of the business to be undertaken or indeed any restrictions. Furthermore, section 7(2) provides that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"the articles may contain restrictions on the business that a company may carry onà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢, thus departing from the traditional role of covering mainly issues to do with the internal management of the company for which articles of association are often known for. Therefore, it could be inferred from this section that a company on incorporation may restrict its nature of business to be undertaken as agreed by the shar eholders. This inference is asserted to by section 22(3) of the Act which provides that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“A company shall not carry on any business or exercise any power that it is restricted by its articles from carrying on or exercising, nor exercise any of its powers in a manner contrary to its articles.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  However, the restrictions that prohibit an incorporated company from carrying on any business in its articles of incorporation are on the preferences of the shareholders and as such the doctrine of ultra-vires whilst not being abolished is not mandatory. Therefore, where a company decides to place some business restrictions in its articles of association then that company is prohibited from carrying on any business or exercising any power that it is restricted by its articles. NOTICE NOT PRESUMED 24. No person dealing with a company shall be affected by, or presumed to have notice or knowledge of, the contents of a document concerning the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. This means that the interests of the third party who deals with a company is entitled to assume that it has the power to do anything it wishes are not affected[6] unless he was actually aware (notice or knowledge) of the restrictions. Therefore, section 24 basically abolishes the ultra vires rule against third parties who have no knowledge of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s objects and are meant to assume that the director, agent or company employee they deal with has the power to make decisions. This has been acknowledged in the case of Freshint Ltd Others v Kawambwa Tea Company [2008] ZMSC 26 at (763) where it was held that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“in practice most people dealing with companies rely on the rule in Turquandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case and do not bother to inspect the articles. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ The companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s authorized agents bound the company to comply with the contract and such liability cannot be avoidedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ . NO DISCLAIMER ALLOWED 25. A company à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦..may not assert against a person dealing with the company or with any person who has acquired rights from the company that- (a) any of the articles of the company has not been complied with; (b) a shareholder agreement has not been complied with; (c) the persons named in the most recent annual return or notice under section two hundred and twenty-six are not the directors of the company; (d) the registered office of the company is not an office of the company; (e) a person held out by a company as a director, an officer or an agent of the company has no authority to exercise the powers and perform the duties that are customary in the business of the company or usual for such a director, officer or agent; (f) a document issued by any director, officer or agent of the company with actual or usual authority to issue the document is not valid or genuine; or APPLICATION FOR INCORPORATION Section 6 2(i) pr ovides that an application for incorporation shall be in the prescribed form and shall specify à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. the nature of its proposed businessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. This means that all the features which could be found in the memorandum of association have now been incorporated into the Articles of Association including but not limited to: (a) The Name Clause; (b) The Objects Clause; (c)Each subscriber confirming their intention to form a company (d)Each member also agrees to take at least one share (e)Physical address of the office to be the registered office CONCLUSION This argument hence concludes that the requirements for the objects clause have actually been retained in through both the articles of association and Companies Form 2 which requires that the applicants specify the general nature of business to include the principal business and any other business (section 2). It could further be concluded that the filing of Form 2 re-enforces the notion that the doctrine of ultra vires has been retained in Zambia through the provision at section 3 that, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“The articles restrict the business that the company may conduct as followsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  after which part these restriction will be specified. BIBLIOGRAPHY Davies, L. P., Principles of Modern Company Law, 8th Edn, Sweet and Maxwell, 2008 Dignam A. Lowry J., Company Law, 4th Edn, OUP, London, 2006 1 [1] Salomon v Salomon Co [1897] A.C 22, HL, at 51, per Lord Macnaughten [2] Ashbury Carriage Company v Riche (1875) [3] Guinness v Land Corporation of Ireland (1882) [4] Ultra vires is a Latin expression which lawyers and civil servants use to describe acts undertaken beyond (ultra) the legal powers (vires) of those who have purported to undertake them. Davies P.L., Principles of Modern Company Law, at p153. [5] Davies P.L., Principles of Modern Company Law, 8th Edn, Sweet and Maxwell, 2008, at p62 [6] Royal British Bank v Turquand (1856)