Wildlife Trafficking Primate Ecology and Conservation

Question: Discuss about the Wildlife Trafficking for Primate Ecology and Conservation. Answer: Introduction: In the current world we live in, business has had a major impact on peoples lives as well as improving the countrys economy. This is not the case as people try and misinterpret and go to a point of doing illegal business. Wildlife trafficking, being amongst the most illegal practiced trade is evident to generate a lot of income; however, it has its disadvantages too. Wildlife trade is defined as the buying and selling of products that are extracted from non-domesticated animals or plants from their original natural environment (Peyton, 2009). This essay will provide clear information about how the wildlife is subject to hazardous substances that also affect the whole nation. It will contain information and concerns that should be taken in order to protect the wildlife creatures and their habitants or to minimize the negative effects this kind of trade activity brings about (Wyatt, 2013). The products can involve dead or living body parts such as bones, skins, horns or even meat. This kind of business is both illegal and legal. Talking of legality, it is regulated by the United Nations Convection on International trade in Endangered Species of wild Fauna and Flora (CITIES). Compared to selling of drugs and weapons, illegal wildlife trading is considered as one of the major illegal economic activities carried out. According to research carried out by CITIES, it is recorded that every fifteen minutes one wild animal is killed because of its skin, horns and tusks. One of the animals that is majorly focused on is the elephant. Nearly 100- 200 elephants are recorded to have been killed in a day, totaling up to 40,000 elephants in the whole year (Eleanor, 2013). It is a challenge in the environment we are currently in as a continuous practice of this act could make the species extinct. Through both the local and the international market, there has been an issue of high levels of wildlife trade, which has been a challenge as it has been affected by the long history on wildlife interventions. The main factor that keeps the poachers going is the profits they get from selling the skins and tusks. (Sara, 2014). Other reasons for practicing poaching is to gain clothes and food. Not all animals get poached because of their horns, some get killed because of their skin which is used as clothing such as handbags and shoes or even ornaments by human beings as other engage in poaching for food. Wildlife is a general term that is used by all users of wildlife products. Their uses include practicing of traditional rituals or religious uses, bush meat as a source of food and as a form of trade. Wildlife use is usually related to hunting and poaching. Wildlife trade can be categorized into two that is legal and illegal trade, and both can have local or international markets. However, there might be often relation between the two trades. Often, the trade includes the trade of living individuals of wildlife species for zoological institutions. These individuals are sometimes considered as semi- domesticated or bred during the captivity for the purpose of trade. Wildlife trade has a wide range of negative side-effects (Daan, 2016). These negative effects affect both the environment, population and the local surrounding community. We are currently living in a timeline where our ecosystem is depreciating (David, 2012). Due to its sensitivity, it is our priority to preserve the wild animals and ensure they are secure. Poaching is also known as stealing and or killing of animals for their products illegally. It is dangerous to the environment as it can lead to the endangerment of different species available in the environment. The survival of species located at a specific environment, depends on the environmental ecosystem, health and balance. One of the greatest fears and threat to wildlife animals is extinction of species. An example of an endangered wildlife is rhino and elephants. A type of rhinos that is extinct is the black rhinoceros (Gary, 2016). With the remaining subspecies of the black rhino are highly endangered as they are believed to carry healing properties in their horns. The death of these animals through poaching will make these species extinct and as with their healing properties the government will be forced to look for different sources for the healing properties. Poaching is harsher than other jobs available, a reality that is faced by many communities and the government (Martin, 2013). According to research by Monitoring the Illegal Killing of Elephants (MIKE) And Elephant Trade Information System (ETIS), the elephant population is being lost to the poaching crisis especially for the ivory. This therefore reduces the number of elephants and thus challenging tourism directly. Furthermore, the study by ETIS says revenue lost is much higher than paying for the anti-poaching measures. The study looked at the tourists and elephants data in several countries and concluded that there were losses financially due to less tourists in protected areas because of illegal wildlife trade. In summary, poaching is an activity that has to end otherwise the animals will become extinct. Various organizations and the government have rules are set to deal with poachers, but this move does not seem to be enough. Poachers should be punished by law with a very harsh and even a higher fine and penalty. Although this has been implemented in many countries poaching is still happening and people get away in different circumstances. This entails a quick coverage of wildlife trading, its general meaning, reasons of practicing the trade as a business activity and a brief on the impacts it has to the countrys economy that is tourism and the environment. Important topics such as poaching of the wild animals and its general importance the major points that is discussed in this essay. References Daan, P., (2016). The Illegal Wildlife Trade. London: Springer. David, G., (2012). Biotic Evolution and Environmental Change in Southern Asia. London: Cambridge University Press. Retrieved on 28th April 2017 from https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=02YgAwAAQBAJdq=wildlife+tradesource=gbs_navlinks_s Eleanor, S., (2013). Primate Ecology and conservation. United States of America: OUP Oxford. Retrieved on 28th April 2017 from https://books.google.co.ke/books?id=6rgPMqshiUECdq=wildlife+tradesource=gbs_navlinks_s Gary, R.P., (2016). The Geography of Environmental Crime: Conservation, Wildlife Crime and Environmental Activism. London: Springer. Martin, B., (2013). illegal Markets and the Economics of Organized Crimes. New York: Routledge. Peyton, F., (2009). The Economics of Agricultural and Wildlife Smuggling. United States of America: DIANE Publishing Sara, O., (2014). The Trade in Wildlife. New York: Routledge. Wyatt, T., (2013). Wildlife Trafficking. London: Springer.

Freedom of the Press free essay sample

Liberty to print or to otherwise disseminate information, as in print, by broadcasting, or through electronic media, without prior restraints such as licensing requirements or content review and without subsequent punishment for what is said. Freedom of the press or freedom of the media is the freedom of communication and expression through mediums including various electronic media and published materials. While such freedom mostly implies the absence of interference from an overreaching state, its preservation may be sought through constitutional or other legal protections. With respect to governmental information, any government may distinguish which materials are public or protected from disclosure to the public based on classification of information as sensitive, classified or secret and being otherwise protected from disclosure due to relevance of the information to protecting the national interest. Many governments are also subject to sunshine laws or freedom of information legislation that are used to define the ambit of national interest. We will write a custom essay sample on Freedom of the Press or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Freedom of the press, which has been limited not only by governments but at times by churches, is absolute in no country. In modern democracies it is rarely attacked by overt forms of censorship but is often compromised by governments ability to withhold information, by self-censorship in reaction to various pressures, by selective government leaking of information or disinformation, and by other factors. In the United States, freedom of the press and the broader freedom of speech are protected by the First Amendment to the Constitution and are considered fundamental rights of the people. In practice, though, some kinds of speech and publication (e. g. , obscenity or violations of copyright) are considered outside the amendments purview, and others, like commercial speech (advertising or product claims), receive a reduced level of protection. In addition, broadcasters are subject to government licensing requirements. The protections to be afforded users of on-line computer services, the Internet, and other new means of publication are the focus of a developing debate; in 1996 a federal district court panel struck down the new Communications Decency Act, holding that Internet communications were entitled to the same degree of protection as printed communications. History Historically, restriction of the press has occurred in two ways. The first may be either censorship or mandatory licensing by the government in advance of publication; the second is punishment for printed material, especially that considered by the government to be seditious libel. Censorship of the press began not long after the invention of the printing press. Pope Alexander VI issued (1501) a notice requiring printers to submit copy to church authorities before publication, in order to prevent heresy. Penalties for bypassing the censors included fines and excommunication. Key Principles -Publishing was liberalized, with the law requiring only that publishers present their names to the authorities and deposit two copies of every work. -The authorities were denied the power to suppress newspapers. -This had previously enabled prosecutions of critics of the government, monarchy and church, or of those who argued for controversial ideas on property rights. The scope of libel was severely reduced, with the criteria for defamation being much more tightly defined -A limited number of press offences was retained, including outraging public morals, and insulting high-ranking public officials including the President of the Republic, heads of foreign states and ambassadors. Scope -It applies to statements made publicly, whether through oral or printed means. -In recent years, French courts have repeatedly ruled that the law also applies to defamatory content communicated via the World Wide Web. Defenses -Truth of the defamatory statement is available as a defense in most libel cases other than those concerning the privacy of the plaintiff. -Where privacy is infringed, truth is not an absolute defense, though some latitude is permitted if the plaintiff is a public figure. A plea of good faith is permitted by the courts in circumstances where the issues at stake concern matters of public interest. A defendant may be acquitted on that basis if the court is satisfied that the defendant has carried out at least a basic verification of the source of the information on which the defamatory statement is based. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights states: Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference, and impart information and ideas through any media regardless of frontiers This philosophy is usually accompanied by legislation ensuring various degrees of freedom of scientific research (known as scientific freedom), publishing, press and printing the depth to which these laws are entrenched in a countrys legal system can go as far down as its constitution. The concept of freedom of speech is often covered by the same laws as freedom of the press, thereby giving equal treatment to spoken and published expression.

Choosing The Best Scholarship For You

Choosing The Best Scholarship For YouA privately funded scholarship sample essay can be one of the best resources for choosing the right college scholarship. This will be the essay that is required to help you understand the requirements for each scholarship. While the task can seem difficult, there are certain steps you can take to ensure that you get the right information.It is important to note that an essay is only half of the process. Of course you need to apply for the scholarship. You also need to have a compelling essay that showcases why the recipient should award you with the money. With that in mind, here are a few steps you can take to choose the best scholarship for you.First of all, you should find a publicly available scholarship that suits your needs. If you can't find one locally, you may want to consider using the Internet. In this case, you can either go to a college's website or check on one of the many websites that offer scholarships. You can check out the top s cholarship opportunities on the web by choosing one that is appropriate for your budget. You may even want to search for a business or career based scholarship.Next, you need to choose the privately funded scholarship that will best meet your needs. This is not as easy as it sounds. You must be careful that you choose the best scholarship for your situation. Some will require high school transcripts, while others will require letters of recommendation.Furthermore, you need to choose between online and paper scholarship applications. There are some that require your responses to be electronically in order to be considered. You may want to choose the paper option if you are not able to commit to sending your letter in electronically. This would be the best way to ensure that you receive your award before applying.After you have chosen the privately funded scholarship you want, you need to make sure that you submit your application. If you do not send it in, you will probably be unable to receive your award. Take a moment to carefully review the guidelines for each scholarship that you are considering to make sure that you meet the requirements.After you have submitted your application, you can expect to hear back from the college that is sponsoring the scholarship. Make sure that you follow up on your scholarship, just as you would with any other college grant. These scholarship samples can be a great source of information, but if you don't follow up after you receive it, you won't know what other options you have available to you.Writing a privately funded scholarship sample essay can be a challenging process, but it can also be one of the most effective ways to receive money for college. The essay is often the most important part of your application, so make sure that you put all of your heart into it.

What problems did Russia face Essay Example

What problems did Russia face Essay Example What problems did Russia face Essay What problems did Russia face Essay Russia was one of the Great Powers of Europe, but it was the one socially, economically and politically most underdeveloped. Even though the chances to be the strongest were many, because of the numerous resources that it had In Its disposal, there were too many weaknesses In the system to reach this greatness. At that time Russia was the worlds biggest country, covering over eight million square miles and so a quarter of the worlds land surface. Since it was extended in a large part of two continents, Europe and Asia, the population, of 65 million people, contained a wide variety of ethnic groups of different race, language, religion and culture. Controlling this large multi-ethnic empire over such a vast territory had long been a major problem to the Russian government, leading many times the tsars to adopt a policy of Rustication insisting on the spread of the Russian culture, especially the use of the Russian language. This type of repression was possible because of the political system of this Empire. Based on the autocracy of the Dastard. The tsar was an absolute ruler who had no restriction on is power, was anointed by God and had the total obedience of the people. Even if his rule was exercised through three official bodies (the Imperial Council, the Senate and the Cabinet of Ministers), he still had the last word and their role was merely to give advice. This kind of monarchy wasnt successful, because if the tsar hadnt a strong character and the skills of a leader, the system wouldnt work. Therefore, Russia had not advanced politically as the other European countries, and it still had a political system typical of the Middle Ages. Indeed, even If many tsars tried to dernier the country, they never Included In their achievements the extension of the political rights. Still, Russia did not have any form of democratic or representing government or a parliament. Political parties had no right to exist, press freedom was strictly restricted and the censorship on books and Journals was very rigorous, especially on the foreign ones, to prevent the spread of liberal and radical ideas. For the same reason universities lost their self-government and came under the government control and the fees to pay for attending it were very high, so to exclude anyone but the very wealthy. In fact the knowledge and the Ideas that spread there about the European political thought and lifestyle could have turned the people against the Russian system. However these restriction had not prevented people to embrace liberal ideas, but since they couldnt openly and legally expressed them, they had to go underground, giving life to a wide variety of secret societies of reform and revolution. As a result, the tsar established a secret private policy, whose special role was hunting down the challengers of the dastard. It was called the Shrank and ad unlimited powers of arrest and it answered only to the tsar. It had infiltrates in these rebel groups and also outside Russia, where they spied on the political exiles, and raids, arrests, Imprisonment and intern exile to Siberia became very popular. All these violence and prohibitions pushed the political activists towards extremism, and there was no moderate middle ground for debate. Even if the extremism took many 1 OFF Torts, as ten animals, ten antiphonals, etc. Etc. , teen all wanted ten political system to change and then the government answered with more repression and limitations. The reactionary and conservative character of the government affected also the development of the economy of the Empire. The majority of the people (the 82%) were in fact peasants, who, even after the emancipation of the serfs, were not completely free, in fact they had been tied to the land and were forced to live in emirs, where they were controlled by the elders. This system led to subsistence agriculture, who was still backward and allowed the famine to widespread in times of shortages of food and impeded to sell enough food at export to raise money for industrial expansion. Also the rise of entrepreneurial was discouraged by the absence of an effective banking system, capitals and by the negligence of the wealthiest. The great amount of peasants had always been a problem for Russia. On a hand, they were feared by the government, who believed that these dark masses could have turned against them and danger the wealthy and their privileges. For this reason they were allowed to attend Just the primary school, so that they were illiterate and uneducated, and not aware of how bad the situation was for them. The governing lass used to talk about the safe ignorance of the population and they believed that they could have been controlled only with violence and repression. On the other hand, such an abundance of illiterate people did not allow the working, professional and commercial classes to expand. The tsar and the government were fully supported by the Orthodox Church, a branch of Christianity independent of any outside authority. It had a strict Russian character and was conservative and deeply reactionary, because with the tsars in charge it would have maintained its powers and privileges. It teaches children and men that the tsar was guided by God and that they should have owed him total obedience. In a country were people had no voice, no right to complain or to speak their mind, it was not possible to reach a kind of society typical of the western Europe. The most important problem was that the only people who were able to change the pillars of a society so conservative were also the only ones who had no wish to do it. The problems in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century were many and concerned every area of interest, and this led to the end of a rebellion and the end of the dastard with Nicholas II.

Should I Apply Early Decision Expert Guide

Should I Apply Early Decision Expert Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Do you just want to be done with the application process and know where you're going to college? Do you have your heart set on one college, and you want to give yourself the best chance at getting in? If you answered yes to these questions, early decision may be a good option for you. In this article, I'll explain what it means to apply for early decision and explain everything you need to consider to answer the often stressful question, "should I apply early decision?" What Is Early Decision? Early decision is an early application policy used by a number of different colleges. If you apply to a college under early decision, you’ll usually apply earlier than the regular admission deadline and find out earlier if you’ve been accepted. For most colleges with early decision, the ED deadline is November 1, and you’ll be notified by mid-December, whereas you’d be notified in late March or early April under regular decision. Under early decision, you can be accepted, rejected, or deferred to the regular applicant pool. Unlike early action, if you apply and get accepted under early decision, you’re making a binding agreement to attend that school. You can only apply to one school under early decision, and if you get accepted, you have to withdraw your applications to any other colleges. If you break the agreement to attend, you won't have legal action taken against you, but it's likely that the other colleges you apply to will be notified that you broke your agreement, and your acceptances may be rescinded. Your high school will also be contacted, and future applicants from your school may be penalized. Generally, the only acceptable reason to turn down an early decision offer is if you don't get enough financial aid. There are a few colleges that offer two early decision application deadlines, known as Early Decision I and Early Decision II. Early Decision I has a typical early decision application deadline in November, and the application deadline under Early Decision II is in January. If you apply under Early Decision II, you’ll probably hear back in February. Some schools that offer early decision include Duke, Cornell, Brown, Northwestern, and Amherst. Colleges that offer Early Decision I and II include Pomona, Vanderbilt, Tufts, Syracuse, and Emory. Pete Jelliffe/Flickr The Benefits of Applying Early Decision One of the biggest potential benefits of early decision is being done with the college application and selection process as soon as possible. Applying to colleges, waiting to hear back about admissions decisions, and deciding which college to attend can cause tremendous stress for many students and their parents. If you apply early decision, you can know where you’re going to college before most of your peers are even done completing their applications. For the rest of your senior year, you can focus on school, your extracurriculars, and having fun. Also, you can potentially save time and money by not having to apply to more colleges. You should still prepare to apply to more colleges in the event you're not accepted or if you're considering applying to schools that have a regular application deadline before you're notified of admissions decisions under early decision. Additionally, for many colleges, you may increase your chances of gaining admission if you apply under early decision. Most colleges that offer early decision have a significantly higher acceptance rate for early decision applicants. In 2015, Brown admitted 20.6% of its early decision applicants and only 7.5% of its regular decision applicants. Cornell accepted 39% of its early decision applicants and 16.1% of its regular applicants. While early decision applicants tend to be more qualified, that doesn’t account for the entire difference in acceptance rates. Colleges like to admit a large percentage of their incoming classes via early decision to have more control over the composition of their freshman classes, and early decision admits increase a school’s yield, the percentage of admitted students who choose to attend. A better yield improves a school's image and ranking. The Disadvantages of Applying Early Decision The biggest disadvantage of applying early decision is that you have to commit to attending a college before you may be ready to make that commitment. Typically, students are still researching colleges in the fall of their senior year, and many of the students with whom I’ve worked have changed their college preferences multiple times before eventually deciding in the spring. Even if you think you know where you want to go to college before the application process begins, if you apply early decision, you may not give yourself the opportunity to change your mind. Another substantial disadvantage of early decision is that it doesn’t allow you to compare financial aid packages and factor them into your college decision. For students who rely on financial aid to attend college, this can be a significant disadvantage. Even though you can get a general estimate of how much a school will cost you before you apply, you won’t get your official financial aid offer until after you’re offered admission. However, colleges will let you out of your commitment to attend if they can’t meet your financial need. By that point, though, regular application deadlines may have passed or you may not have adequately researched your other college options. Finally, if you apply early at the end of November, you may have to apply before you’re able to sufficiently improve your test scores or GPA. If you apply early decision, colleges will review your standardized test scores and transcript before the end of the first semester of your senior year. Many students are able to strengthen their applications by raising their standardized test scores in December or getting exceptional first semester senior year grades. When Should IApply Early Decision? 3 Key Factors Early decision can be a good option for you, but only under the following circumstances: You’ve done thorough college research and you’re certain about your number one choice. You can use college finders, search websites, guidebooks, ranking lists, and visits to learn more about your college options and solidify your choice. You should have done ample research and be confident in your choice by the start of your senior year. You're satisfied with your grades and test scores. If you’re applying early decision, you should have a good SAT or ACT score. It may be to your advantage to wait to apply if you need to improve your standardized test scores or if you have subpar grades for your dream school and would like to show you’re capable of getting better grades. However, if you’re in this situation, you can still apply under Early Decision II, if that’s an option at your #1 choice. You’re confident that the school you’re applying to can meet your financial need. Because you won’t be able to compare financial aid packages if you’re accepted under early decision, you should feel secure that the school you’re applying to will offer you the financial aid you need to attend. You can contact the admissions or financial aid office to ease your concerns, and you can use a site like College Scorecard to get a solid estimate of how much you’ll have to pay. How Do You Apply Early Decision? If you've decided that you're definitely going to apply to a college via early decision, you may be wondering exactly how to do it. Is there a special application to fill out? What should you do about researching and applying to other colleges? The process for applying for early decision is relatively straightforward. You'll submit the same application, but you'll indicate on your application that you're applying for early decision. Before you apply, I recommend having a list of other schools to apply to. While you're waiting to hear back from the school, you should work on your other applications and submit any applications that have a deadline before you're notified about the status of your early decision application. If you're accepted under early decision, you'll withdraw any applications you submitted. If you're rejected or deferred, you can complete any applications that you haven't finished, and when you hear back from schools in the spring, you'll weigh your options and choose a college. What's Next? Is your goal to get into one of the most selective colleges? Learn how from a Harvard graduate. Are you working on making your list of colleges to apply to? Find out about reach schools, target schools, safety schools, and how many schools you should apply to. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Dealing with Reality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dealing with Reality - Essay Example She just arrives in New Orleans to stay with her elder sister Stella who is now pregnant and lives with her husband, Stanley whom Blanche finds to be a pain in her neck. From the investigations made by Stanley, he reveals that she is far from the chaste and respectable woman that she pretends to be because she has had affairs with several men she barely knows, especially with a 17-year old student that led to her dismissal from school. Her actions and dialogues also reveal other characteristics of Blanche. She is a middle-aged woman from the South who formerly taught in high school. Coming from the South, Blanche carries with her the old customs and attitude of her place including her idealistic treatment of women, which she tries to impose on the men she meets including her brother-in-law, Stanley and her suitor, Mitch. When Mitch wants to make love with her, she declares, â€Å"I guess it is just that I have--old-fashioned ideas!† but while she says this, she rolls her eyes, implying that she is doing lip-service. Blanche tries to cover up the ugly realities of her life. She declares, â€Å"Yes, yes, magic! I try to give that to people. I misrepresent things to them. I don't tell truth, I tell what ought to be the truth.† With this, Blanche confirms her tendency to deny reality. However, she prefers to submit herself to fantasy and denial. Instead of facing her problems squarely and trying to overcome loneliness by focusing on her career and getting married, she keeps on drinking liquor to cover up her feelings. This leads to her tragic ending when Stanley rapes her and she loses her sanity. Blanche tries to hide reality in order to fool people. She tells Mitch that if this act is â€Å"sinful, then let me be damned for it! - Don't turn the light on!† (Scene 9). Blanche always meets Mitch in the dark so that she could cover up the truth about her.

Literature Review about statistical process control (SPC) Term Paper

Literature Review about statistical process control (SPC) - Term Paper Example It can be employed in any production unit (which generates material or data as outputs) where the process can thus remain independent from constant supervision. Although there can be variety in products and the required steps necessary for the production process, the SPC analysis remains uniform. SPC is advantageous over other methods of control particularly since it ensures that the production is not affected to any significant degree due to interruptions since it requires no direct inspection. Only "Out of control" process can be covered by SPC. An â€Å"in-control-process† does not always refer to an acceptable and desirable output. This conceptual misunderstanding often results in misleading applications of SPC. If not properly perceived, SPC can lead to loss of production. The Control chart is the fundamental tool for SPC. It is a graphical representation defined by the plot of measured data (at least 15 observations) on the chart. Using control charts the changes in the inherent process from the accumulated data can be identified. This, in turn determines the ‘special’ cause that affects the results. In a control chart the ‘central line’, denoted by a solid line reflects the average of the accumulated data points and passes through the middle of the graph. Control limits are the lines (a specified distance is maintained from the central line) in the control chart which are calculated by using statistical tools and indicate the behavior of the process i.e whether the process is ‘out of control’ or ‘in-control’. There are two type of control limits- (i) the upper control limit (UCL) and (ii) the lower control limit (LCL). UCL and LCL are defined by the following rule: UCL = centre line + 3* SD †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ equ.(1) Recall that a Percentile is given by the division of pointed data in hundred equally divided groups. The nth percentile Pn is defined as- n% of the data points are on or below this